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Bone marrow transplant in Delhi

Bone marrow transplant is a medical procedure where unhealthy native bone marrow and immune system is replaced by healthy stem cells and immune cells (graft).Donor stem cells are infused following a short course of chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both which is called conditioning regimen. Bone marrow transplant (BMT) is also called hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT). This procedure can be used in the treatment of some cancers and non cancerous conditions

Types of BMT:

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells stem cells from a suitable healthy donor is used in this type.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cells: Autologous hematopoietic stem cells the patient’s own stem cells are used in this type.

paediatric oncologist

Indications:

Bone marrow transplants can help people with both cancerous and noncancerous diseases, such as:

Common non cancerous conditions in children:

  • Severe Aplastic Anemia
  • Thalassemia
  • Sickle Cell anemia
  • Congenital immune deficiencies
  • Congenital metabolic diseases (Inborn errors of metabolism)
  • Bone marrow failure syndromes

Cancerous conditions:

  • High risk leukemia or relapsed leukemia
  • Myelodysplastic syndromes
  • Relapsed Lymphomas
  • High risk Neuroblastoma
  • High risk brain tumors
  • High risk or Relapsed Ewing’s sarcoma/PNET
  • Relapsed Germ cell tumor
  • Relapsed Retinoblastoma

Why is it done?

A bone marrow transplant can help with:

  • Allow treatment with high doses of chemotherapy or radiation in a safe manner by replacing or rescuing the bone marrow that has been damaged by the treatment.
  • Replace bone marrow that is no longer functioning properly with new stem cells.
  • Provide new stem cells, which can directly kill cancer cells.
  • Bone marrow transplant is a curative treatment option in children for some benign conditions like Thalassemia, aplastic anemia etc.
  • The risks of a bone marrow transplant are numerous. Some people have minor complications after a bone marrow transplant, while others may have serious complications that necessitate treatment or hospitalization complications can be fatal at times.
  • Your risks are determined by a variety of factors, including the disease or condition that necessitated the transplant, the type of transplant, stem cell source, your age, and your overall health.

Complications from a bone marrow transplant may include:

  • Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (a complication of allogeneic transplant only)
  • Failure of a stem cell (graft)
  • Organ deterioration
  • Infections
  • Cataracts
  • Infertility
  • New types of cancer
  • Death

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